软性电影、多边改写和世界主义——刘呐鸥的上海电影《永远的微笑》

Soft Film,Multi-directional Adaptation,and Cosmopolitanism:Liu Na’ou’s Shanghai Film The Eternal Smile

《永远的微笑》是一部1937年上映的上海电影,剧本由刘呐鸥撰写。本文从两个部分对此片进行考察:第一部分,从20世纪30年代软性/硬性电影之争的讨论,进入刘呐鸥的软性电影论,验证软性电影作为一种电影创作理论在《永远的微笑》中的实践;第二部分,探讨《永远的微笑》改编背后的文学/戏剧/电影的多维影响和接受史,以及在此基础上刘呐鸥的多边改写,并指出其声称的"改编"其实是以"改编"为借口,在基本悲剧原型结构上的重新创造。

The Eternal Smile,scripted by Liu Na’ou,is a Shanghai film released in 1937.This article will investigate this film from three aspects.It first situates the film in the debate of soft versus hard film in the 1930 s and examines how Liu Na’ou’s theory of the"soft film"materialized in The Eternal Smile.It then probes into the history of influence and reception behind The Eternal Smile and Liu’s multi-dimensional adaptation from Russian and Japanese literary works,pointing out that Liu’s script is a recreation in the name of adaptation.