历史的遗珍——拜占庭与古罗马宝石种类及造型简述

Relics of History--A Brief Introduction to the Types and Shapes of Byzantine and Ancient Roman Gems

古罗马及拜占庭有着极为悠久的历史。公元1世纪后的古罗马时期,人们已使用多种宝石;公元3世纪后的拜占庭时期,随着商业贸易的发展,所使用的宝石种类更加丰富,加工技术也更为精湛;公元10世纪以后,宝石逐渐被珐琅替代,较少被人们使用。古罗马及拜占庭时期使用的宝石加工形式大致可分为弧面宝石、原石和宝石雕刻,在不同历史时期有着不同特点。

Ancient Rome and Byzantium have a very long history.In the period of ancient Rome after the first century,many kinds of gems have been used.In the period of Byzantium after the third century,with the development of commercial trade,the types of gems used are more abundant and the processing technology is more exquisite.After the 10th century,the precious stones were gradually replaced by enamel,and less used by people.The processing forms of gems used in ancient Rome and Byzantine period can be roughly divided into curved gems,original stones and gem carving,which have different characteristics in different historical periods.