黑社会性质组织行为特征之界限机能与司法认定

Judicial Identification of Behavioral Characteristics of Triad Organizations

黑社会性质组织行为特征是界分黑社会性质组织与其他犯罪组织的重要特征之一,但司法实践中行为特征的认定存在行为手段认定泛化,有组织认定混乱和为非作恶,欺压、残害群众要素虚化三个问题。鉴于此,司法有必要明确行为特征的规范目的,统一行为特征三个要素的认定标准,准确厘清行为特征三个要素与本质特征之间的关系。黑社会性质组织的“其他手段”应当立足于体系解释的立场,即与暴力、威胁具有相当性;黑社会性质组织的违法犯罪活动必须基于组织性;从语义解释的角度,“为非作恶,欺压、残害群众”是危害特征对行为特征的约束,为非作恶是行为表现,欺压、残害群众是危害后果,二者不能虚化。

The behavioral characteristics are one of the important characteristics that distinguish triad organizations from other criminal organizations.Problems such as generalization of behavior means,confusion of organized nature,blurred elements exist in the identification of behavioral characteristics in judicial practice.Therefore,it is necessary for the judiciary to clarify the normative purpose,unify the criteria for determining the three elements,and accurately clarify the relationship between the three elements and the essential characteristics.The other means of triad organizations refer to violence and threats from systematic interpretation.The illegal and criminal activities of triad organizations must be based on organization.Hazard is restrictive feature of behavioral characteristics,including doing evil as behavioral performance and bullying the masses as harmful consequence,which cannot be blurred.