重点产业政策是否影响了微观企业创新效率?

Does the Key Industry Policy Affect the Innovation Efficiency of Micro-enterprises?

采用2007—2018年我国上市制造业企业的专利数据,收集期间国家和地区的三个五年计划所提及的重点产业政策,采用双重差分法实证分析我国重点制造业产业政策对微观企业创新效率的影响。研究发现,国家和地区层面的五年规划所提及的重点制造业产业对微观企业的创新效率均具有促进效应,不同地区的影响存在显著差异。其中,我国东部和中部地区的产业政策对企业创新效率的影响程度更高。此外,以重点产业政策背景下的企业为分析对象,考虑到地区间的经济发展水平不同,在技术比较优势高或技术比较优势低的企业均能显著提升企业的创新效率,且相较于技术比较优势较低省份的企业,重点产业政策对技术优势较低省份企业的影响水平更高。据此提出如下政策建议:重点发展地区优势产业、协调地区之间的发展规划和改进不同地区企业发展方式,进而提高制造业企业创新效率。

This paper uses the patent data of China's listed manufacturing companies from 2007 to 2018,and collects the key industrial policies mentioned in the three five-year plans of the country and region,and uses the DID method to empirically analyze impact of corporate innovation efficiency of key manufacturing industries policies in China.The study has found that the key manufacturing industries mentioned in the five-year plan at the national and regional levels have a promoting effect on the innovation efficiency of micro-enterprises.There are significant differences in the impact of different regions.The policy has a greater impact on the efficiency of enterprise innovation in the east and central regions of China.In addition,considering different levels of economic development among regions,enterprises with high or low technological comparative advantages can all significantly improve the innovation efficiency of enterprises with taking enterprises in the context of key industrial policies as the analysis object,and compared with enterprises in provinces with lower technological comparative advantages,key industrial policies have a higher impact on enterprises in provinces with lower technological advantages.Based on this conclusion,the following policy recommendations are put forward:to focus on the development of regional advantageous industries,to coordinate development plans between regions,and to improve the development methods of enterprises in different regions,thereby to increase the innovation efficiency of manufacturing enterprises.