知识产权制度对中国制药产业技术进步的影响——来自外商直接投资视角的实证研究

Effect of Intellectual Property Right System on Technology Progress of Pharmaceutical Industry in China:Empirical Study Based on FDI Perspective

以FDI的技术溢出为切入点,利用1997—2015年中国制药产业数据,构建可变系数个体固定效应模型,分析知识产权制度对该产业技术进步的影响效应。研究发现,趋严的制度安排直接抑制了内资企业的技术进步水平,但外资企业技术进步水平以及内资企业累积技术进步水平的提升,均可抵消趋严的知识产权保护对内资药企技术进步的负面效应。在此过程中,以高质量人力资本投入为代表的内源化发展动力开始发挥显著影响。此结论表明,中国应在有效确保知识专属性与创新回报的基础上,实施适宜的知识产权保护,以改善外商投资环境,维护研发者的创新动力;深化对外开放政策,利用高质量的国际人力资源提升产业技术水平;进一步加大本土人力资本建设,加强本土企业的自主研发与创新能力,提高对溢出技术的吸收水平,促进技术进步与经济增长。

This paper focuses on the technology spillover from FDI,and explores the influence effect of intellectual property right(IPR)system on technology progress of pharmaceutical industry by constructing a variable coefficient individual fixed effects model and using the data of China's pharmaceutical industry from 1997 to 2015.The study finds that the stricter IPR system directly plays a negative role in promoting technology progress of domestic enterprises,however,both the promotion of foreign enterprises'technology progress and domestic enterprises'accumulated technology progress can offset the negative influence of strengthening IPR protection on technology progress of domestic enterprises.During this procedure,endogenous motive force of development,such as human capital investment,begins to play a significant role.The paper comes up with the following conclusions:Firstly,appropriate IPR protection should be implemented to effectively guarantee the specificity and returns of knowledge innovation to improve the environment for overseas investment and maintain innovative impetus of developers.Secondly,the opening-up policy should be deepened and industrial technology be promoted by making good use of qualified international human resources.Thirdly,local human resource development should be strengthened further to advance the ability of independent research and innovation of local firms and prompt technology progress as well as economic growth.