论西汉长安城郊军事防御布局结构的形成

On the Formation of Military Defense Layout Structure in Chang’an Suburb of Western Han Dynasty

长安城郊军事防御布局结构在整个防御体系中最为重要,其形成大体经历了两个阶段:初步构建(高祖至景帝时期)和沿用完善阶段(武帝至宣帝时期)。构建方式有改造旧城、兴建城邑、分置县邑、徙民关中、临时驻军等多种,至宣帝时期已完全形成以东郊“浐灞”和北郊“泾渭”为重点的军事防御圈,而西郊、南郊的军事防御布局结构则不甚完善,防御力非常薄弱。

The layout structure of military defense in Chang’an suburb is the most important in the whole defense system,and its formation has gone through two stages:the initial construction(from Emperor Gaozu to Emperor Jing)and the perfect stage(from Emperor Wu to Emperor Xuan).There are many ways to build it,such as transforming the old city,building cities,separating counties and cities,migrating to Guanzhong,temporarily stationing troops,etc.By the time of Emperor Xuan,a military defense circle focusing on the eastern suburbs and the northern suburbs was completely formed,while the military defense layout structure in the western and southern suburbs was not perfect and the defense force was very weak.