面向铝合金的热辅助激光黑化试验研究

Experiment Research on Thermal Assisted Laser Blackening of Aluminum Alloy

为改善传统表面黑化加工存在的污染严重、成本高等缺点,以6061铝合金表面为试验对象,对基于热辅助的激光黑化加工开展试验研究。首先,利用反射光谱仪测量黑化表面的反射光谱,并结合扫描电子显微镜及轮廓仪对试件在不同温度、扫描速度下照射区的表面形貌演变进行了深入分析,揭示了补偿温度、激光能量、扫描速度及表面形貌间的关系。进一步,利用三维测量激光扫描共聚焦显微镜及电子色散X射线分析,对热辅助激光黑化烧蚀区域氧化情况进行了分析。结果表明:对于热辅助激光黑化,在较高的补偿温度下,激光能量的利用率及黑化效率显著提高,便于大规模生产应用。

Aiming at improving the serious pollution and high cost of traditional surface blackening processing,the 6061 aluminum alloy surface was selected as the test object to carry out experimental research on thermally assisted laser blackening.First,the reflection spectrum of the blackened surface was measured by a reflection spectrometer,and combined with a scanning electron microscope and a profiler,an in-depth analysis of the surface morphology evolution of the specimen under different temperatures and scanning speeds were carried out,revealing the relationship among the compensation temperature,laser energy,scanning speed and surface topography.Furthermore,using 3D measurement laser scanning confocal microscope and electron dispersive X-ray analysis,the oxidation of the thermally assisted laser blackened ablation area was analyzed.The results show that for thermally assisted laser blackening,at a higher compensation temperature,the utilization rate of laser energy and the blackening efficiency are significantly improved,which is convenient for mass production and application.