酒精使用障碍患者皮层厚度与脑沟深度的形态变化

Morphological changes of brain cortical thickness and sulcus depth in patients with severe alcohol use disorder

目的探索酒精使用障碍(AUD)患者皮层厚度与脑沟深度形态学改变。方法对40例AUD男性患者,平均(47.13±8.87)岁和40例男性健康志愿者,平均(47.70±5.15)岁。扫描MRI高分辨率3D-T1WI全脑图像,计算皮层厚度及脑沟深度;同时对所有被试进行相应的密西根酒精使用障碍调查表(MAST)、简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分。结果与对照组比较,AUD组皮层厚度显著减低的脑区主要分布在双侧前额叶皮层(P<0.05,FWE校正);AUD组脑沟深度加深的脑区主要分布在双侧额极、眶额叶及右侧前扣带回(P<0.05,FWE校正);AUD组脑沟深度变浅的脑区主要位于双侧额下回、岛叶、中央前/后回、颞上回与颞横回(P<0.05,FWE校正);AUD组的MMSE和MoCA评分显著减低(P<0.0001)。结论AUD患者前额叶皮层变薄及前额叶和外侧颞叶的脑沟深度异常变化,主要涉及认知控制功能等功能脑区。

Objective To explore the morphological changes of brain cortical thickness and sulcus depth in patients with severe alcohol use disorder(AUD).Methods High-resolution 3D-T1-weighted brain MRI was performed on 40 patients with AUD and 40 healthy controls to determine the cortical thickness and sulcus depth.All subjects were evaluated by the Michigan alcohol screening test(MAST),mini-mental state examination(MMSE),and Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA).Results In patients with AUD compared to the healthy controls,the cortical thickness in was significantly reduced mainly in the bilateral prefrontal cortex(P<0.05,FWE corrected);the regions with deeper sulcus were mainly distributed in the bilateral frontal poles,orbitofrontal cortex and right anterior cingulate gyrus in(P<0.05,FWE corrected);the regions with shallower sulcus were mainly located in bilateral inferior frontal gyri,insula,anterior/posterior central gyrus,superior temporal gyrus and transverse temporal gyrus(P<0.05,FWE corrected).The patients with AUD demonstrated significant differences in the MMSE and MoCA compared to controls(P<0.0001).Conclusion Patients with AUD have reduced prefrontal cortical thickness and increased sulcus depth of prefrontal and lateral temporal gyri,mainly involving the brain areas related to the declined cognitive function.