基于PSR-DEMATEL的世界自然遗产旅游景观健康影响因素研究

On Factors Influencing the Health of World Natural Heritage Tourism Landscape Based on PSR-DEMATEL Method

基于PSR模型,从压力、状态、响应3个维度构建世界自然遗产旅游景观健康影响因素体系;然后运用DEMATEL方法对这些因素进行识别,分析各影响因素之间的综合影响程度及其原因度和中心度。结果表明:从原因度来看,世界自然遗产旅游景观健康影响原因因素有人口密度、旅游人次、景观特色等8个因素,结果因素有游客容量、经济发展水平、环境执法等8个因素;从中心度来看,游客容量、经济发展水平、环境执法、旅游收入等8个因素的中心度值均超过2.5,是影响世界自然遗产旅游景观健康的主要因素。结合四象限法,按原因度值、中心度值的大小,将世界自然遗产旅游景观健康影响因素分为高原因-高中心度、低原因-高中心度、高原因-低中心度、低原因-低中心度4种类型,高原因-高中心度因素包括旅游人次、人口密度、景观知名度3个因素,对世界自然遗产旅游景观健康起关键性作用。根据不同的类型,提出相应的管理策略。

Based on the PSR model,a system of factors influencing the health of world natural heritage tourism landscape is constructed from three dimensions:pressure,state and response.DEMATEL method is used to identify these factors and analyze the comprehensive influence degree,cause degree and centrality of each influencing factor.The results show that:from the the perspetive of cause degree,there are eight causing factors influencing the health of the world natural heritage tourism landscape,such as population density,tourist number,landscape characteristics,etc.and eight resulting factors such as tourist capacity,economic development level,environmental law enforcement,etc.From the perspective of centrality,the centrality values of 8 factors including tourist capacity,economic development level,environmental law enforcement,and tourism income all exceed 2.5,which are the main factors affecting the health of the world natural heritage tourism landscape.Combining the four-quadrant method,according to the magnitude of the degree of cause and center,the factors influencing the health of the world natural heritage tourism landscape are divided into four types:high cause-high centrality factors,low cause-high centrality factors,high cause-low centrality factors and low cause-low centrality factors.High cause-high centrality factors,including three factors:tourist arrivals,population density,and landscape visibility,play a key role in the health of the world natural heritage tourism landscape.And corresponding management strategies were put forward according to different types.