台风引起的长江口及杭州湾沿岸极值风速分布研究

The distribution of peak wind speeds induced by typhoons along the coasts of the Changjiang Estuary and Hangzhou Bay

根据台风强度和近岸水位等选取了对上海影响较大的4个典型台风,并根据实测资料比选确定适合长江口及杭州湾区域的台风最大风速半径公式.建立了研究区域的台风模型,并采用典型台风期间实测的风速资料对模型进行了验证.采用台风模型计算了1949—2014年所有影响上海的台风期间以及4个典型台风期间上海沿岸极值风速、有效极值风速,定量分析了极值风速和有效极值风速的范围、分布特征.

In this study,four typical typhoons that significantly affected Shanghai were selected based on their respective intensity and the water level along the Shanghai Coast.The RMW(Radius of Maximum Winds)formula,moreover,was determined using in-situ data from recent typhoons.The typhoon model was built and validated using in-situ wind speeds from the four typhoons selected.The peak wind speed and the forward peak wind speed along the Shanghai Coast were calculated,case by case,during all typhoons over the period from 1949 to 2014 as well as the four typical typhoons selected.Finally,the range and distribution of the peak(forward peak)wind speed were quantitatively studied.