基于SRAP的辣木种质资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系分析

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Relationship among 18 Moringa Species Based on SRAP Marker

为探讨辣木(Moringaspp.)种质资源间的遗传关系,采用相关序列扩增多态性(sequence-relatedamplified polymorphism,SRAP)分子标记方法对18份辣木种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行分析。结果表明,从170对引物中筛选出13对多态性较高的引物组合,共扩增出104条清晰稳定的条带,平均多态性条带百分率达62.50%。遗传多样性参数分别为等位基因数(Na)为1.6250,有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.4777,基因多样性指数(H)为0.2632,香农信息指数(I)为0.3797,说明18份辣木种质资源间有较高的遗传多样性。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,18份辣木种质资在遗传相似系数0.732水平上,可分了3个群,来自非洲卢旺达的狭瓣辣木[M.stenopetala(Bakerf.)Cufod.]具有较远的亲缘关系,单独聚类为一个类群Ⅲ;其余样品则分别聚类为类群Ⅰ和类群Ⅱ,类群Ⅰ共11份材料,主要为来源于印度的多油辣木(M.oleifera Lam.)及其改良种‘PKM1’和‘PKM2’,类群Ⅱ共6份材料,主要为来源于我国云南和海南的多油辣木及其改良种‘PKM1’和’PKM2’。SRAP标记反映了辣木种质资源间的遗传关系,本研究结果为辣木杂交育种的亲本选择提供了科学基础。

Sequence-related amplified polymorphism(SRAP)molecular marker was used to analyze the genetic diversity and relationship among 18 Moringa species in this study.A total of 104 bands were amplified from 18 tested germplasm resources by 13 pairs of core primer combinations selected from 170 pairs of primers.The average percentage of polymorphism was 62.50%.Observed alleles were 1.6250,effective alleles were 1.4777,Nei’s gene diversity was 0.2632 and Shannon’s information index was 0.3797,which showed 18 Moringa species existed high genetic diversity.According to Nei’s genetic similarity coefficient,when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.732,the Moringa germplasms could be divided into three categories.Among the 18 germplasms,apart from M.stenopetala(Baker f.)Cufod.,the rest materials were in categoryⅠor categoryⅡ.Thereinto,categoryⅡcontained 11 germplasms,mainly including M.oleifera Lam.,its improved species’PKM1’and’PKM2’,which derived from India.Besides,M.oleifera Lam.,its improved species’PKM1’and’PKM2’which came from Hainan and Yunnan,China were clustered into categoryⅡ.M.stenopetala(Baker f.)Cufod.which came from Rwanda was clustered in groupⅢ,indicating this material had further relationship with others.SRAP molecular marker reflects the genetic relationship among Moringa species and would provide a theoretical basis for the selection of Moringa hybrid parents.