改性超支化聚乙烯亚胺破乳剂的合成及其应用

Synthesis of Modified Hyperbranched Polyethyleneimine and Its Application in Demulsification

以棕榈酰氯和超支化聚乙烯亚胺(HPEI)进行酰胺化反应,得到一系列改性超支化聚乙烯亚胺(HPEI-C 16)破乳剂,考察了其添加量、破乳温度及沉降时间对柴油等油品破乳性能的影响,并探究破乳过程中油滴的破裂速率常数和平均粒径变化,分析其破乳机理。结果表明,HPEI-C 16-2破乳剂在质量浓度为80 mg/L、沉降时间为30 min、破乳温度为60℃时,其破乳脱油率达91%。相比于传统破乳剂,改性超支化聚乙烯亚胺因具有独特的超支化、多位点结构,用作破乳剂时界面活性高、添加量少、沉降时间短。其破乳机理为絮凝聚结机理和顶替置换机理。

In this work,a series of palmitoyl-hyperbranched polyethyleneimine(HPEI-C 16)were synthesized through the amidation reaction of palmitoyl and hyperbranched polyethyleneimine(HPEI).The effects of demulsifier concentration,demulsification temperature and settling time to the diesel on the performance of demulsifier were investigated,and the research of rupture rate constant of oil droplets and the real-time size changes of oil droplets in the demulsification were also studied to analyze its demulsification mechanism.The results show that the oil removal rate reaches 91%with the demulsifier mass concentration of 80 mg/L,the setting time of 30 min and demulsification temperature of 60℃.Compared with traditional demulsifiers,it exhibits high interfacial activity,short settling time and low addition amount because of the unique hyperbranched and multi-point structure.In conclusion,the demulsification mechanism is flocculation and coalescence,replace and substitution.