胰岛细胞封装技术的研究进展

Research progress on islet cell encapsulation technology

糖尿病发病率呈上升趋势,临床治疗极具挑战性。虽然药物降糖具有一定疗效,但存在血糖波动的危险,1型糖尿病的临床治愈仍难以实现。胰岛细胞移植是解决胰岛素注射引起的血糖波动问题的有效方法之一。然而,在胰岛细胞移植的临床实践中存在受者需要长期服用免疫抑制剂、移植后胰岛细胞大量丢失等问题,目前并未在临床广泛使用。胰岛细胞封装技术可减少胰岛细胞丢失,减少或消除排斥反应,是提高胰岛细胞存活率的关键环节。本文简要回顾了胰岛细胞封装技术的发展历程,分析了不同胰岛细胞封装技术面临的挑战,并对今后的研究加以展望,旨在为促进胰岛细胞移植的发展提供参考。

The incidence of diabetes mellitus tends to increase,and clinical treatment is extremely challenging.Although drugs exert certain therapeutic effect on reducing blood glucose level,it remains impossible to achieve clinical cure of type 1 diabetes mellitus with a risk of blood glucose fluctuations.Islet cell transplantation is one of the efficacious methods to solve the problem of blood glucose fluctuation caused by insulin injection.However,there are several problems in the clinical practice of islet cell transplantation,including long time use of immunosuppressants in recipients and massive loss of pancreatic islet cells after transplantation,which limit its wide application in clinical practice.Islet cell encapsulation technology can reduce the loss of islet cells and decrease or eliminate the rejection,which is a key link to improve the survival of islet cells.In this article,the development course of islet cell encapsulation technology was briefly reviewed,the challenges in different islet cell encapsulation technologies were analyzed and subsequent research on this technology was projected,aiming to provide reference for promoting the development of islet cell.