清代以前医家饮食养生思想撷要

The diet health regimen thoughts of physicians before Qing dynasty

“养生之道,莫先于食”,饮食不仅为日常所需,更是民众保健强身,预防疾病的重要手段之一。中医食养的历史源远流长,原始人类在学习使用火的时候发现“炮生而熟,令人无腹疾”,出现了饮食养生的萌芽。西周时期设立食医和食官,重视食物的营养与保健。《黄帝内经》成书奠定了中医食养理论的基础,唐代孙思邈食养食治专著的出现,使饮食养生进入兴盛阶段。此后历代对饮食养生的研究更加深入,实践也更加广泛,至明清时期已经形成了颇具规模的成熟理论体系和多样化方法。通过梳理有关中医食养的历代文献,溯源中医食养理论的发展脉络,推古及今,汲取中医食养理论的精华,指导当代饮食养生实践。

"Diet health regimen ranks first among all of the health preserving methods".Diet is not only for daily needs,but also one of the important means of daily health care and disease prevention.The history of diet regimen in traditional Chinese medicine has a distant origin and a long development.As early as the primitive humans learned to use fire,they found that processing raw food into mature can avoid digestive system diseases.This discovery marks the germination of the concept of diet health regimen.In the Western Zhou dynasty,people had already noticed the importance of food nutrition and diet health care,and set up special doctors and officials to take charge of diet of dignitaries.The completion of Inner Canon of Huangdi laid the foundation for the theory of diet health regimen of traditional Chinese medicine.Sun Simiao′s works on diet health regimen and diet therapy in Tang dynasty promoted the rise of the thought of diet health regimen.Since then,the research on diet health regimen has been more in-depth and the practice has been more extensive.By the Ming and Qing dynasties,the theoretical system of diet health regimen tended to be mature,and the specific diet regimen methods were rich and varied.Through combing the ancient documents,this study mainly summarizes the development context of traditional Chinese medicine diet health regimen,so as to provide guidance for modern diet health regimen.