徽语方言区风土建筑研究的历程与展望

Research of the Hui Dialect Area Vernacular Architecture:A Literature Review

对徽语方言区风土建筑的研究以古徽州地区成果最为卓著。1957年出版的《徽州明代住宅》在塑造那个时代的民居研究范式上起到了自己的作用。1981年后,古徽州风土建筑研究在如风土/乡土建筑研究范式的确立、聚落形态及空间意象研究、风土建筑遗产的保护和旅游开发研究等诸多方面,对中国风土建筑研究起到了引领作用。但对古徽州以外的其他徽语方言区风土建筑研究成果较少,对古徽州风土建筑与周边区域的关系,以及其风土区系范围仍有较多争议。文章在对徽语方言区风土建筑研究历程进行回顾后,指出此课题今后可拓展的若干研究领域,其中除了前述风土谱系外,另有对中国传统社会空间运作过程的揭示、对量化工具的更有效运用,以及在新的历史条件下对聚落保护和开发的再思考等。

The ancient Huizhou area’s vernacular architecture has been most prominently researched within the Hui dialect area.Huizhou Mingdai Zhuzhai (Huizhou Ming Dynasty Residences),published in 1957,played a significant role in shaping the research paradigm of that era’s dwellings.After 1981,vernacular architecture research of the ancient Huizhou area played a leading role in many relevant fields,including establishing the research paradigm of vernacular architecture,the study of settlement forms and spatial imagery,vernacular heritage conservation and tourism development studies.However,previous research has not sufficiently addressed the vernacular architecture of the Hui dialect area beyond ancient Huizhou prefecture.Many debates still exist regarding the relationship between vernacular architecture in the ancient Huizhou area and its surrounding and the boundary of the Hui vernacularity.After reviewing the extant literature of vernacular architecture in the Hui dialect area,the article highlights several directions for further explorations of the subject field.Besides vernacular pedigree,these new directions include reviewing traditional Chinese social space’s operational process,using quantitative methods more effectively and reflecting on historic settlement conservation and development under contemporary conditions.