特殊中职校企合作:诉求、现状、困境及突围

School-enterprise Cooperation in Secondary Vocational Schools of Special Education:Appeal,Current Situation,Dilemma and Breakthrough

职业教育是阻断贫困代际传递的有效途径,特殊教育是国家扶残助残的发展之策,特殊职业教育校企合作是多方利益主体的共同诉求。目前,我国特殊中职教育校企合作存在政府管理与制度保障两翼缺位、企业办学与利益机制诉求不满、教育供给与产业需求结构失衡等困境,基于残疾学生障碍类型不同、程度不一及病因复杂等特征,从政府、企业、学校视域提出健全校企合作长效机制、突破校热企冷“壁炉现象”、提升学校服务产业发展能力等突围之路,以期提升特殊中职学生的社会适应与职业适应能力。

Vocational education is an effective way to block the intergenerational transmission of poverty.Special education is the development policy of the state to help the disabled,and the cooperation between schools and enterprises of special vocational education is the common demand of the multi-stakeholders.At present,the school-enterprise cooperation in special secondary vocational education in China has many difficulties,such as the absence in government and institution guarantee,dissatisfaction with the enterprise running school and interest mechanism,the imblance between education supply and industrial demand structure.Due to the difference in types and degrees of guaranttee for handicapped students and complex causes,this paper puts forward long-term mechanisms of school-enterprise cooperation from the perspective of the government,enterprises and schools,to change the one-sided wish of the school in the cooperation,and improve the strength of the school serving industry,with a view to improve the social and professional adaptation of students in special secondary vocational schools.