干旱年景下芸豆生长及产量对其密度的响应

Response of Kidney Bean Growth and Yield to Planting Density in the Dry Year

为进一步明确山西北部半干旱冷凉区芸豆的适宜种植密度,采用随机区组设计,以芸豆品种"英国红"为试验材料,设置6个种植密度梯度,研究了不同种植密度对株高、干物质积累、产量及产量构成因子的影响。结果表明,随着种植密度的增加,株高逐渐增加,叶绿素含量逐渐降低,单株干物质积累量逐渐降低,而群体干物质积累量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,与实测单位面积产量的趋势一致。在产量构成因子中,百粒重对实测单位面积产量贡献最大。在密度与产量的回归模拟中,密度为24万~26万株/hm^(2)时,产量最高。山西北部干旱冷凉区,在底墒差的偏旱年份,建议芸豆品种"英国红"的种植密度为24万~26万株/hm^(2)。

This experiment aimed to investigate the suitable planting density of kidney bean in the semi-arid and cold region of northern Shanxi. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design and variety ’Yingguohong’ was used as the test material and six density gradients were set to observe the effects of different planting densities on plant height, dry matter accumulation, yield, and yield components. The result showed that, with the increase of the planting density, plant height increased gradually, chlorophyll content and dry matter accumulation of single plant gradually decreased, dry matter accumulation of population and yield first increased and then decreased. Among the yield components, 100-grain weight was the main factor affecting yield. In the regression fitting model of planting density and yield, the highest yield was achieved at the planting density 240 000-260 000 plant/ha. In the semi-arid and cold area with low soil moisture of northern Shanxi, the planting density of the kidney bean variety ’Yingguohong’ is recommended to be 240 000-260 000 plant/ha.