创伤·叙事·治愈——论《战争哀歌》的文学疗愈书写

Trauma,narrative and cure:on writing for literary healing of Noi Buon Chien Tranh

《战争哀歌》是作者保宁的半自传性作品,讲述了越南战争幸存者阿坚内心徘徊于战争的废墟世界与战后的和平世界之间,于是选择通过写作来治疗内心的创伤并融入新世界。他在文学叙事中剥离了战争创伤的直接影响,重新追寻到了人生使命和生活信念,并且在与他人的文学交流中重建了原本破裂的社会人际关系,最终于战后新世界里重生,展现了文学疗愈创伤的可能性。本文基于热奈特叙事学,从混乱的叙事时间、交融的叙事层次和受叙者的声音三个层面,分析《战争哀歌》中的人物心灵建构,并在此基础上尝试超越战争创伤,探究文学叙事在战后幸存者自我救赎和创伤疗愈过程中的具体应用和结构性机制。

Noi Buon Chien Tranh is a semi-autobiographical work by author Bao Ninh,telling the story of Vietnam War survivor Ah Kin,who is torn between the ruined world of the war and the peaceful world after the war,and chooses to write to heal his inner wounds and integrate into the new world.He strips away the direct effects of the war trauma in literary narrative and recovers his life mission and beliefs,and rebuilds the broken social relationships in his literary exchanges with others,finally reborn in the new world after the war,demonstrating the possibility of literary healing of trauma.Based on Genet’s narratology,this paper analyzes the construction of characters’hearts and minds in Noi Buon Chien Tranh from three levels:the chaotic narrative time,the intermingled narrative levels,and the voice of the narrated.And on this basis,it tries to go beyond war trauma and explore the specific application and structural mechanism of literary narrative in the process of self-redemption and trauma healing of post-war survivors.