辽宁绒山羊杂交改良子午岭黑山羊效果分析

The Hybrid Improvement Effect of Liaoning Cashmere Goat on Ziwuling Black Goat

为了研究辽宁绒山羊对子午岭黑山羊绒用性能的杂交改良效果,以辽宁绒山羊、子午岭黑山羊和辽宁绒山羊×子午岭黑山羊的杂种绒山羊(简称F 1代杂种绒山羊)作为试验对象,系统测定3个群体的体尺、抓绒后体重、产绒量和绒品质等指标,比较3个群体间的生产性能差异,分析不同羊绒性状之间的表型相关性。结果表明:辽宁绒山羊的体高、体长、胸围、平均纤维直径、抓绒后体重和产绒量均高于F 1代杂种绒山羊和子午岭黑山羊,F 1代杂种绒山羊的体高、体长、胸围、平均纤维直径、抓绒后体重和产绒量分别比子午岭黑山羊高9.5 cm、9 cm、7.1 cm、1.7μm、15.97 kg和424 g。绒山羊抓绒后体重与产绒量(r=0.880)、平均纤维直径(r=0.773)和粗毛数(r=0.354),羊绒平均纤维直径与产绒量(r=0.775)、绒层高度(r=0.475)、粗毛数(r=0.600)和纤维直径标准差(r=0.557)等羊绒性状间呈正相关;平均纤维曲率与体高(r=-0.304)、抓绒后体重(r=-0.395)、产绒量(r=-0.418)、绒层高度(r=-0.547)和平均纤维直径(r=-0.584)等表型性状之间呈较强的负相关。由此表明,辽宁绒山羊杂交改良子午岭黑山羊效果明显,后代的产绒量和抓绒后体重明显提高,但羊绒纤维直径也略微变粗。

To study the hybrid improvement effect of Liaoning cashmere goats on Ziwuling black goat,Liaoning cashmere goats,Ziwuling black goats,and Liaoning cashmere goats×Ziwuling black goats(named F 1 hybrid cashmere goats)were used in the study.The body size,body weight after combing,cashmere yield and quality of the three populations were measured,the differences in production performance between the three populations were compared,and the phenotypic correlations between different cashmere traits were also analyzed.The body height,body length,chest circumference,mean fibre diameter,body weight after combing and cashmere yield of Liaoning cashmere goats were higher than those of F 1 and Ziwuling black goats.The body height,body length,chest circumference,mean fibre diameter,body weight after combing and cashmere yield of F 1 hybrid cashmere goats were 9.5 cm,9 cm,7.1 cm,1.7μm,15.97 kg and 424 g higher than Ziwuling black goats,respectively.There were positive and negative correlation between these phenotypic cashmere traits,among which most of the cashmere traits were positively correlated,which were between body weight after combing and cashmere yield(r=0.880),mean fibre diameter(r=0.773)and coarse edge micron(r=0.354),between mean fiber diameter and cashmere yield(r=0.775),cashmere thickness(r=0.475),coarse edge micron(r=0.600)and fibre diameter standard deviation(r=0.557).Some phenotypic cashmere traits showed strong negative correlation,which were between mean fibre curvature and body height(r=-0.304)body weight after combing(r=-0.395),cashmere yield(r=-0.418),cashmere thickness(r=-0.547)and mean fibre diameter(r=-0.584).The results suggest that Liaoning cashmere goats have significant improvement effect on Ziwuling black goats in cashmere yield and body weight after combing,and cashmere fibre diameter in F 1 is slightly thicker than Ziwuling black goats.