清扫-气吸式红枣捡拾机液压系统设计与试验

Design and testing of a sweep and air suction pick-up jujube harvesting machinery hydraulic system

为简化红枣捡拾机机械动力传递,满足捡拾机的集果、卸料、自走等功能需求,设计清扫—气吸式红枣捡拾机的液压系统,完成集果清扫盘旋转、对置清扫盘位置调整、集果箱的举升、下降、翻转及回正、整机的行走与转向等动作;根据清扫装置、卸料装置、行走转向装置的布置,进行液压回路设计;通过理论分析计算,结合田间工况,确定液压系统的各项技术参数,并对关键液压元件进行选型。田间试验结果表明:清扫头转速调速明显,卸料举升、翻转平稳,同步度较好;当红枣捡拾机作业速度1.5 km/h时,其捡拾效率达0.29 hm^(2)/h,拾净率达到96.5%,设计的液压系统满足红枣捡拾作业的各项功能需求,运行稳定,适应不同复杂工况。

In order to simplify the mechanical power transmission of jujube picker,and meet the functional requirements of collecting,discharging and self-propulsion,a hydraulic system of the jujube picker machine was designed.The hydraulic system performs key functions such as completing the rotation of the cleaning disc,position adjustment of the opposite cleaning disc,lifting and descending operations,turning and returning of the fruit box,and walking and steering of the whole machine.Through theoretical analysis and calculation,coupled with field conditions testing,the technical parameters of the hydraulic system were determined,and the key hydraulic components were selected.Text results show that the speed of the cleaning head was visibly regulated,the discharge lifting and turning were stabilized,and synchronization was good.When the speed was 1.5 km/h,the picking efficiency reached 0.29 hm 2/h,and the picking rate reached 96.5%.The hydraulic system can lay a foundation for further optimization research of jujube harvester as well as providing reference values for the research and development of other agricultural equipment hydraulic systems.