大型蔬菜温室无线监测网络覆盖优化方法研究

Study on coverage optimization of wireless sensor network in a large-scale vegetable greenhouse

为提高无线传感器网络在连栋温室内获取精准、有效且全面的作物生长信息,针对连栋温室调控与水肥决策中的物联网监测覆盖需求,提出基于区域面积覆盖强度的虚拟力覆盖优化算法(Area Intensity Virtual Force,AIVF)。该算法利用相邻传感器间区域重叠覆盖面积产生的面积强度,调节虚拟力系数,建立相邻传感器最佳位置,提高连栋温室监测网络的感知覆盖度,以保证对连栋温室内黄瓜等作物生长信息的准确有效获取。仿真试验表明,本文算法对比VFA(Virtual Force Algorithm)和PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization)算法覆盖率分别提高4.32%和13.31%;同时,AIVF的传感器平均移动距离最低,降低传感器的能量消耗实现对温室环境的覆盖性能优化,为黄瓜等温室作物的水肥决策与环境精准调控提供感知网络支撑。

In order to improve the wireless sensor network to obtain accurate,effective and comprehensive crop growth information in the greenhouse,this paper aims at regulation and control of large-scale greenhouses and the internet of things monitoring coverage requirements in the water and fertilizer decisions.The proposed model consists of a virtual force coverage optimization algorithm based on area intensity(Area Intensity Virtual Force,AIVF).The AIVF algorithm uses the area intensity generated by the overlapping coverage area between adjacent sensors,regulates the virtual force coefficient,establishes the optimal location of adjacent sensors,improves the perception coverage of the monitoring network of the greenhouse,and ensures the accurate and effective acquisition of the growth information of cucumber and other crops in the greenhouse.The simulation experiments show that the coverage of VFA(Virtual Force Algorithm)and PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization)improved by 4.32%and 13.31%.At the same time,the AIVF's sensor had the lowest average moving distance,which reduces the energy consumption of the sensor to optimize the coverage performance of the greenhouse environment.It also provides sensory network support for water and fertilizer decision-making and environmental precision regulation of greenhouse crops such as cucumber.