桃树不同方位(阴阳面)果实品质分析

Analysis of Peach Quality in Different Directions between Shady and Sunny Side

光照是果树生长的必备条件,为了提升黄土高原地区桃果实品质质量,以黄金1号毛桃和中油十六号油桃为试验材料,分析比较桃树不同方位阴面和阳面果实的单果重、果形指数、可滴定酸、可溶性固性物、维生素C、总糖等品质物质的差异。结果表明:阳面毛桃的单果重、维生素C含量、糖酸比、单糖和总糖含量显著高于阴面果(P<0.05),油桃阳面果与阴面果的单果重、维生素C含量差异不显著;可溶性固形物含量在果实不同部位差异明显,其中毛桃和油桃阳面果实顶部和面部的可溶性固形物含量均显著高于阴面果对应部位的含量(P<0.05),毛桃阳面果顶部可溶性固形物含量比毛桃阴面果顶部高38.46%(P<0.05),桃树阴阳面对毛桃的底部可溶性固形物含量影响显著(P<0.05),但对油桃底部影响不显著。阳面的光照强度能够显著改善桃果实的品质,在生产实践中可以通过调整株行距、修剪、叶果比等措施提高透光率,提升果实的商品价值。

Light is a necessary condition for fruit tree growth.In order to improve the quality of peach fruit in the Loess Plateau.Taking Huangjin No.1 wild peach and Zhongyou No.16 nectarine as experimental materials,the differences of single fruit weight,fruit shape index,titratable acid,soluble solids,vitamin C,total sugar and other quality substances of shady and sunny fruits were analyzed and compared.The results showed that:the single fruit weight,vitamin C content,sugar acid ratio,monosaccharide and total sugar content of sunny peach were significantly higher than those of shady fruit(P<0.05),while the single fruit weight and vitamin C content of nectarine between sunny fruit and shady fruit had no significant difference;The contents of soluble solids in the top and face of wild peach and nectarine were significantly higher than those in the corresponding parts of shady fruit(P<0.05).The content of soluble solids in the top of wild peach was 38.46%higher than that in the top of shady fruit(P<0.05).The shady and sunny side had a significant effect on the soluble solid content at the bottom of the wild peach(P<0.05),but had no significant effect on the bottom of the nectarine.The light intensity on the sunny side can significantly improve the quality of peach fruit.In the production practice,the light transmittance can be increased by the measures of plant row spacing,pruning,leaf fruit ratio,etc.so as to enhance the commodity value of the fruit.