我国近代动力机器染色工业的产生与发展

The Emergence and Development of Power Machine Dyeing Industry in Modern China

[研究意义]我国近代动力染色工业的创建与发展对我国纺织印染业做出了巨大贡献,剖析机器染整业的分期发展有助于推动中国近代工业史的发展研究。[研究方法]文章主要采用历史文献研究的方法,对近代动力机器染色工业的产生与发展进行梳理和分析。[研究结果与结论]研究认为,我国近代动力机器染整业的产生与发展经历了四个时期:①初创期(1897年~1929年),这一时期染整业的发展模式还在探索中,资金、设备、技术都是起步状态;②兴起时期(1930年~1937年),基于前期经验,这几年不断完善生产链,还拓展了设厂地域;③曲折发展期(1937年~1945年),此期受抗日战争影响,整个行业亏损巨大,工厂纷纷采取紧急措施挽救生产,在严峻的环境下仍有发展;④恢复期(1945年~1949年),战后各地染厂根据自身情况进行经营权移交或迁回原址,完成了原有工业的复产工作。

The establishment and development of modern power dyeing industry in China has made great contributions to our country's textile printing and dyeing industry.The analysis of the phased development of machine dyeing and finishing industry is helpful to promote the research on the development of modern industrial history of China.This article mainly uses the method of historical documents research to summary and analyze the emergence and development of power machine dyeing industry.The research shows that:the emergence and development of modern power machine dyeing and finishing industry in China has experienced four periods:①Early stage(1897-1929).During this period the developing mode of dyeing and finishing industry was still being explored,and the capital,equipment and technology were all in the initial state;②The rising period(1930-1936).Based on the previous experience,the production chain has been continuously improved and the factory area has been expanded;③The tortuous development period(1937-1945).In this period,the whole industry suffered huge losses,which was affected by the impact of the war.Therefore many factories took emergency measures to save production,and they still developed under a se⁃vere environment;④The recovery period(1945-1949).After the war,dyeing factories in various regions transferred their manage⁃ment rights or moved back to where the old factory was.Soon these factories completed the production resumption of the original industries.