丈河村昆虫群落结构、资源昆虫及地理区系分析

Analysis of Insect Community Structure,Resource Insects and Insect Geographical Fauna in Zhanghe Village

丈河村昆虫物种群落结构及多样性对丈河村生态环境稳定、害虫防治及资源昆虫的综合利用均具有重要意义。2019年7月采用定点灯诱和全面踏查等方式采集昆虫标本并对其进行鉴定和分类。结果表明,共采集到2239只昆虫标本,隶属于10目77科191种;鞘翅目、鳞翅目和半翅目为该地区的优势目,其个体数分别占昆虫样本总数的34.39%、29.52%和13.76%;鞘翅目中的优势科为步甲科和金龟科,鳞翅目中的优势科为弄蝶科,半翅目中的优势科为蝽科和缘蝽科。不同昆虫功能群种类和数量占据总数的比例均表现为植食性昆虫>捕食性昆虫>腐食性昆虫>寄生性昆虫。共采集到资源昆虫165种1891只,占昆虫样本总数的84.46%,不同昆虫类群优势度从大到小为观赏昆虫>传粉昆虫>食用昆虫>天敌昆虫>药用昆虫。在中国动物地理区划中,丈河村昆虫具有典型的华北区特征(80.63%),与华中区关系最为紧密,与蒙新区和青藏区关系较远。研究结果有助于全面了解丈河村昆虫概况,为资源昆虫的针对性保护和害虫的有效防控提供理论依据。

The investigation of insect species community structure and diversity in Zhanghe village is of great significance for ecological stability,pest control and comprehensive utilization of insect resources in this area.In this study,insect specimens were collected,identified and classified by means of trapping lamp and comprehensive inspections in July 2019.The results showed that a total of 2239 insect specimens were collected in this research,which belonged to 10 orders 77 families and 191 species.At the order level,Coleoptera,Lepidoptera and Hemiptera were the most important orders in this region,accounting for 34.39%,29.52%and 13.76%of the total insect species,respectively.At the family level,the dominant families in Coleoptera were Carabidae and Scarabaeidae,the dominant families in Lepidoptera was Hesperiidae,and the dominant families in Hemiptera were Pentatomidae and Coreidae.The order of proportion of species and individuals of different functional groups from large to small was as follows:the herbivorous insect>the predatory insect>the carrion insect>the parasitic insect.A total of 165 species and 1891 individuals were collected for resource insects,accounting for 84.46%of the total insect samples.The dominant degree for different insect groups was ornamental insects>pollinating insects>edible insect>natural enemy insect>medicinal insect.The insect fauna of the Zhanghe village had a typical characteristic of North China region(80.63%)in the zoogeographic division of China,similar to that of Central China region,but most dissimilar to that of Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang region and Qinghai-Tibet region.The results are helpful to understand the general situation of insects in Zhanghe village and provide a key scientific theoretical basis for the protection of resource insects and effective prevention of pests.