探地雷达技术探测土壤特性的研究进展

Soil Characteristics Measurements with Ground Penetrating Radar: A Review

总结了探地雷达技术(Ground Penetrating Radar,简称GPR)使用反射波、地波、反射系数、全波形反演和早期信号分析进行土壤特性研究的方法,在详细介绍基本原理的基础上,通过分析近年来的研究实例展示GPR探测土壤特性的能力和局限性:基于信号速度的分析方法应用广泛,数据获取和处理简单,但结果具有主观性,受实验环境的限制;基于信号幅度的分析方法受水分分布和表面粗糙度的影响,容易出现低估的现象;全波形反演和早期信号分析方法的提出强调了GPR探测中数据获取和处理的重要性,为此应设计新的数值分析模型和数据处理方法,提高数据采集速度和雷达测量精度。

This review summarized the methods of estimating soil characteristics using ground penetrating radar(GPR), such as analyses of reflections, ground wave, surface reflection coefficient, full-waveform inversion and earlytime signal analysis. This study analyzed the basic principle and method using GPR to detect soil characteristics in detail, and reviewed the ability and limitation of GPR by summarizing latest studies. The approaches based on signal velocity analysis were widely used;however, the results were subjective and limited by the experimental environment.The approaches based on reflection amplitude analysis were limited by varying soil water contents with depths and surface roughness, and which leaded to a decrease in reflection coefficient. The full waveform inversion and earlytime signal analysis methods emphasized the importance of data acquisition and processing in detection. More complex numerical analysis models and data processing approaches should be developed to improve data acquisition speed and measurement accuracy.