含油废水处理及综合利用技术探索与实践

油田开发过程中,随着油井产量的增加势必会伴随产生大量的污水及衍生物(油泥),给周围生态环境造成一定的负面影响和危害。介绍了中石化河南油田王集油气开发区块对于稠油开发过程中产生的废水、压滤污泥,严格按照清洁生产要求,控制各项工艺流程,确保符合各项清洁生产标准。注水系统采用“除油+混凝沉降+气浮+过滤”的处理工艺,回用系统采用“除油+混凝沉降+气浮+两级过滤+离子交换软化法”的处理工艺,气浮排污系统产生的浮渣采用板框压滤技术进行初步油水分离、产生的油泥进行无害化处理(离心机械分离)和减量化处理(热解吸)。通过一体化的污水处理实践与探索,实现了开发与保护的和谐统一。

In the process of oilfield development,with the increase of oil production,a large number of sewage and its derivatives(sludge)will be produced,which will cause certain negative impact and harm to the surrounding ecological environment.The Wangji oil and gas development block,which belongs to an oil production plant of Henan Oil Field of Sinopec,strictly controls the process flow for the waste water and filter press sludge produced in the process of heavy oil development,ensure compliance with all cleaner production standards.The treatment process of“oil removal+coagulation sedimentation+air floatation+filtration”is adopted in the water injection system;and the process of“oil removal+coagulation sedimentation+air floatation+two-stage filtration+ion exchange softening method”is adopted in the water reuse system of the boiler;for the scum produced by the air floatation system,the plate-and-frame pressure filtration technology is used to separate the oil from the water,the sludge is treated innocuously(centrifuge separation)and the sludge is treated by decrement(thermal desorption).Through the integrated sewage treatment,the harmonious unity of development and protection has been realized.