摘要
采煤工作面坚硬顶板(煤)不能及时垮落,导致围岩控制与安全保障等一系列问题。传统处理坚硬顶板(煤)的方法是炸药爆破,近年来对水力致裂、二氧化碳相变致裂、静力膨胀剂等坚硬顶板(煤)控制的新方法也进行了研究和探索。本文从能量控制的角度出发,根据固定钻孔中破岩能量是否恒定,将炸药爆破、二氧化碳相变致裂和静力膨胀剂划分为定能量破岩方式,将水力致裂划分为变能量破岩方式,通过对比各种顶板(煤)控制方法的作用范围和经济性,得出水力致裂的作用范围和经济性优于炸药爆破,炸药爆破的作用范围和经济性优于二氧化碳相变致裂。水力致裂在安全性、单孔作用范围、施工便捷性和经济性等多个方面均具有明显优势,对于井工矿坚硬顶板(煤)来说,水力致裂控制技术是今后的发展方向。
The hard top plate(coal)of coal face can not collapse in time,which leads to a series of problems such as surrounding rock control and safety assurance.The traditional method of dealing with hard roof(coal)is explosive blasting.In recent years,new methods of hard roof(coal)control such as hydraulic fracturing,fracturing by CO_(2) phase transition,and static expansion agent has been studied and explored.In this paper,from the viewpoint of energy control,according to whether the rock-breaking energy is alterable in the fixed borehole,dynamite blasting,fracturing by CO_(2) phase transition and static expansion agent are classified as rock-breaking methods with fixed energy,and hydraulic fracturing is classified as rock-breaking method with variable energy.Comparing those roof(coal)control methods in terms of the range of control and economic cost,it is concluded that hydraulic fracturing is superior to dynamite blasting,and dynamite blasting is superior to fracturing by CO_(2) phase transition.Hydraulic fracturing has obvious advantages in many aspects,such as safety,single hole action range,construction convenience and economy.Hydraulic fracturing control technology is the future development direction for mining hard roof(coal).
作者
陈树亮
黄炳香
CHEN Shuliang;HUANG Bingxiang(School of Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
2021年第5期130-135,共6页
China Mining Magazine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目资助(编号:51774272)。
