从“神”角度探讨《黄帝内经》中五情致形神失调的病机与表现

Discussion on the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of physical and mental illness under guidance of ‘shen’ in Huangdi Neijing

五情是形神失调的主要病因,五情内伤,神失其机,神不御形,气乱脏扰而发病。五情通过影响五脏神(神、魂、魄、意、志)、五精气(脉、血、气、营、精)、气血活动及脏腑功能致形神失调,而形神失调性疾病多为长期、慢性、持续性五情过极所致。以神失守、形失调为主要表现,可见精神、人格、行为及脏腑、气血功能异常,其中形失调通过影响本脏、子母脏、乘侮脏或所有脏腑引起脏腑功能异常。不同情志刺激致不同状态形神失调,与情志所应神、所藏脏的属性相关。五情致病虽分为作用,亦是相合、相离之态,其中"神"是整个病机演变的核心。

Emotion is the main cause of the disorder of the form and spirit.Emotional hurts result in the spirit lost control of form.Five emotion cause the disorder of the shape and spirit by five organs‘shen’(spirit,soul,courage,mind,ambition),five essence qi(pulse,blood,qi,camp spirit,sperm blood),qi-blood activity and organ function.Body and spirit disorders are mostly caused by long-term,chronic and persistent excessive emotions.The main performance are mental instability and physical imbalance,including the mental disorder,abnormal personality,abnormal behavior,viscera and qi and blood dysfunction.The physical dysfunction causes abnormal organ function by affecting the internal organs,the mother and child organs,the insult organs,or all organs.Different emotions stimulate different states of shape and spirit which is related to the attributes of the corresponding to‘shen’and emotions.Although the five emotions cause disorder separately,they are also interactived each other.The‘shen’is the core of the entire pathogenesis.