基于动物特性的动物药隐喻认知研究

Metaphorical cognition of animal drugs based on animal characteristics

文章运用隐喻认知的研究方法,通过分析历代本草文献中有关动物药功效的记载发现,动物药功效的认知,大多以该动物的生活习性、体态特征为隐喻认知来源。古代医家发现动物药功效的过程,是以对动物习性、体态的观察为基础,通过取象比类后得出的功效假设;当功效假设得到验证后,医家又通过隐喻认知的法方法对动物习性、体态特征进行分析,进而对动物药功效进行解释。基于动物特性的动物药隐喻认知研究,有助于理解动物药功效发现和解释的两个过程,认识到动物药功效以隐喻为认知基础。

In this paper,the research methods of metaphorical cognition are used.Through the analysis of the records about the efficacy of animal medicine in the literature of traditional Chinese medicine in past dynasties,we found that the cognition of the efficacy of animal medicines is mostly based on the animal’s living habits and body characteristics as a metaphorical cognitive source.The process of discovering the efficacy of animal medicine by ancient physicians was based on the observation of animal habits and postures and the hypothesis of efficacy obtained by analogy of images.When the hypothesis of efficacy is verified,physicians analyze animal habits and body characteristics through metaphorical cognitive method,and then explain the efficacy of animal drugs.The cognitive study of animal drug metaphors based on animal characteristics is helpful to understand the two processes of discovery and interpretation of animal drug efficacy,recognizing that the cognitive basis of animal drug efficacy is metaphor.