膏剂临床外用现状与特点分析

Analysis of the clinical application status and characteristics of plasters

目的:分析临床上膏剂外用的现状,为膏剂的临床外用提供理论指导,为膏剂应用规范的建立提供参考,促进膏剂外治疾病的发展。方法:以"膏剂"为主题词,搜索中国知网数据库收录的2010年1月-2019年2月膏剂临床外用文献,分析膏剂临床外用现状与特点。结果:共筛选出802篇膏剂临床外用文献;膏剂单用居多,占比57.42%;在皮肤科应用最多,占比57.21%;应用于不同的疾病时,用药频数以2次/d居多,且用药疗程以2周最多;单次用药时间,以≤20min最多;用药部位,多为患处皮肤或黏膜直接给药;外敷面积以超出患处2cm内最多,剂量以<6g最多,厚度以1~2mm最多;赋形剂以凡士林、食用油和蜂蜜较多。结论:膏剂临床应用广泛,疗效确切,值得推广。但在应用过程中主观性较强,各环节也缺少统一的标准,有必要对其进行系统性、规范化、标准化研究。

Objective:To analyze the current clinical application of plaster,and provide theoretical guidance for the clinical application of plaster,to provide reference for the establishment of plaster application standards,and to promote the development of plaster external treatment of diseases.Methods:With‘plaster’as the main subject,all the clinical topical literatures of plaster from January 2010 to February 2019 on CNKI was searched,and the current situation and characteristics of external application of plaster was analyzed.Results:A total of 802 literatures were selected for clinical application of plaster.Paste alone application was the most,accounting for 57.42%;The frequency of application in dermatology was the highest,accounting for 57.21%.For different diseases,2 times/d was the most common frequency,and 2 weeks was the most common treatment course Single dose time,most of which was less than or equal to 20 min;Drug delivery site,mostly affected skin or mucosa;Most of the external area was beyond the affected area but less than 2 cm,the dose was mostly<6 g,and the thickness was mostly 1~2 mm.Most of the excipients were vaseline,edible oil and honey.Conclusion:The plaster is widely used in clinic and has definite curative effect.However,in the process of application,subjectivity is strong,and there is no unified standard for each link.It is necessary to carry out systematic,scientific and standardized research on plaster.