延塑性航空合金磨削砂轮粘附及粘附抑制技术的研究现状与展望

Research Status and Future Development of Wheel Loading and Suppressed in Grinding of Ductility Aeronautical Alloys

磨削是实现高性能、高精度零件加工的重要手段,但砂轮粘附现象严重制约了磨削技术在延塑性航空合金零件精密制造过程中的应用。对这一领域的最新研究进展进行综述,回顾了粘着磨损和砂轮粘附形成机理,分析了影响砂轮粘附的因素以及砂轮粘附对磨削力、磨削温度和磨削加工后工件表面质量的影响;介绍了砂轮粘附建模的国内外研究现状,同时深入分析这些模型应用的局限性;综述了砂轮粘附抑制技术研究的最新进展,涉及磨削参数选取、改善磨削区冷却和润滑条件、砂轮结构设计、在线清理、在线修整、电化学磨削等方法;从工程应用的角度对砂轮粘附问题未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Grinding is a significant approach to realize the machining of high performance and precision parts.However,the wheel loading phenomenon seriously restricts the application of grinding technology in the precision manufacturing of ductility aeronautical alloys components.The recent advances in this field are reviewed in this paper.Firstly,the mechanism of adhesive wear and wheel loading are comprehensively elaborated,and the effective factors of wheel loading are identified.The adverse effects that wheel loading brings on the grinding force and grinding temperature as well as the work piece surface quality after grinding are analyzed.Subsequently,the research actuality of the wheel loading modelling is presented.Meanwhile the limitations of application of these models are analyzed.Then,the recent advances of the suppression technology of wheel loading are described,which includes research on the selection of grinding parameters,the improvement of cooling and lubricating conditions in grinding zone,the structure design of grinding wheel,the in–process cleaning and dressing technology and electrochemial grinding.Finally,the research direction of wheel loading issue in the future is prospected from the viewpoint of engineering application.