基于FLUENT的干冰清洗喷枪结构多目标优化研究

Multi⁃objective Optimization for Dry Ice Cleaning Spray Gun Structure Based on FLUENT

干冰喷枪性能直接决定了干冰清洗效果。针对现有的一种干冰清洗喷枪清洗性能不佳的问题,考虑多个清洗影响因素对喷枪进行多目标优化,提高清洗效果。采用喷枪的几何特征为变量设计正交试验,利用FLUENT进行仿真试验。分别对单一目标优化,根据得到的单目标最优值建立隶属函数,以完成量纲一化处理并加权得到综合评判分数来评价喷枪综合性能。分析综合性能极差,得到喷枪结构的各个几何参数对单一目标和综合性能的影响因次,最终设计出清洗效果最优的喷枪设计方案。试验结果表明:优化后的喷枪比现有喷枪的综合性能提高2.34倍;基于FLUENT的气固两相耦合仿真试验结合综合评判方法能对干冰清洗喷枪进行有效优化。研究结果为喷枪的设计优化提供参考。

The performance of the dry ice spray gun directly determines the effect of dry ice cleaning.In view of the poor cleaning performance of an existing dry ice cleaning spray gun,the multi⁃objective optimization for the spray gun was carried out by taking mul⁃tiple cleaning influence factors into account to improve the cleaning effect.The geometric characteristics of the spray gun were used as variables to design the orthogonal experiment.The simulation experiment was carried out by using FLUENT.The single target was opti⁃mized separately.The membership function was established according to the obtained single target optimal value to complete the dimen⁃sionless processing,and the single target optimal value was weighted to obtain the comprehensive evaluation score to evaluate the com⁃prehensive performance of spray gun.By analyzing the extreme difference of the comprehensive performance,the influence divension of each geometric parameter of the spray gun structure on the single target and the comprehensive performance was obtained.Finally,the design scheme of the spray gun with the best cleaning effect was designed.The test results show that the comprehensive perform⁃ance of the optimized spray gun is 2.34 times higher than that of the existing spray gun;the gas⁃solid two⁃phase coupling simulation experiment based on FLUENT combined with comprehensive evaluation method can be used to effectively optimize the dry ice cleaning spray gun.The research results provide reference for the design optimization of the spray gun.