道路扬尘检测方法研究进展

Research progress of detection methods of road dust

道路扬尘是城市大气颗粒物的主要来源之一,为改善城市环境空气质量、降低大气颗粒物浓度,必须采取有效措施控制道路扬尘。确定道路扬尘检测方法是控制道路扬尘的关键一步,完善和发展当前道路扬尘检测方法对有效削减城市道路扬尘排放量、精准治理道路扬尘具有重要意义。通过实证分析等方法,研究了当前国内外主要的道路扬尘排放的检测方法(降尘法、AP-42法和TRAKER法)以及主要的道路环境监测方法(道路扬尘微观站监测法和大气环境移动监测车监测法)。对不同道路扬尘检测方法的原理、特点及应用进行综述和对比,指出当前的道路扬尘检测方法均具有各自的优点和局限性,地方政府和科研人员需要结合研究目的及技术成本等因素考虑选择合适的检测方法,进一步制定标准化采样方法并完善相应标准,从而实现城市道路扬尘的精准检测。

Road dust is one of the main sources of urban atmospheric particles.Effective measures should be taken to control road dust for improving the quality of urban ambient air and reducing the concentration of atmospheric particles.It is a key step to determine the detection methods of road dust.And it is of great significance to improve and develop the current detection technologies of road dust emission for effectively reducing and accurately controlling urban road dust.Through empirical analysis,the main detection methods of road dust emission at home and abroad were analyzed,including dust fall method,AP-42 and TRAKER method,as well as the main monitoring methods of road environment,such as road dust micro station monitoring method and atmospheric environment mobile vehicle monitoring method.Then the principles,characteristics and applications of different road dust detection methods were summarized and compared.As a whole,the current road dust detection methods had their own advantages and limitations.It was suggested that the local governments and researchers should select appropriate detection methods in combination with the research purpose and technical cost,the standardized sampling methods should be further developed,and the corresponding environmental protection standards should be improved,so as to realize the accurate control of urban road dust.