区域内银行竞争会加剧县域农商行 风险承担吗?--基于县域农商行微观数据的实证研究

Will the Competition Among Regional Banks Intensify the Risk Taking in County Agricultural and Commercial Banks?——Empirical Study Based on Micro Data of County Agricultural and Commercial Banks

当前,我国银行业准入的进一步放宽使得银行间竞争程度不断提高,以县域农商行为代表的地方法人银行机构的生存空间不断被压缩,其业务相对单一、市场定位不清、历史包袱沉重的问题日益凸显,且由于长期承担支农支小的政策性任务,风险水平一直居高不下。基于此,本文以2011—2017年我国56家县域农商行为样本,利用县域银行分支机构数据构造衡量区域内银行竞争的指标——赫芬达尔指数(HHI),并建立面板数据模型探讨银行业竞争与县域农商行风险水平之间的关系。研究表明:(1)区域内银行竞争与县域农商行破产风险水平之间呈U形关系;(2)区域内银行竞争与县域农商行信用风险水平之间呈U形关系;(3)根据第一大股东性质将县域农商行分为国有组与非国有组,上述结论在两组之间存在较强的异质性。

At present,the further relaxation of access to China's banking industry has led to increasing competition among banks,and the survival space of local corporate banking institutions,represented by county agricultural and commercial banks,has been continuously compressed,and the problems of relatively single business,unclear market positioning and heavy historical burden have become increasingly prominent.Based on this,this paper uses a sample of 56 county agricultural and commercial banks in China from 2011 to 2017,constructs the Herfindahl index(HHI),an indicator of bank competition in the region,using data from county bank branches,and establishes a panel data model to explore the relationship between competition in the banking industry and county agricultural and commercial banks The relationship between risk levels.The study shows that:(1)there is a U-shaped relationship between intra-regional bank competition and the level of bankruptcy risk of county agricultural and commercial banks;(2)there is a U-shaped relationship between intra-regional bank competition and the level of credit risk of county agricultural and commercial banks;(3)the county agricultural and commercial banks are divided into state-owned and non-state-owned groups according to the nature of the first largest shareholder,and the above findings are strongly heterogeneous between the two groups.