日本早期社会主义运动与佛教——以“大逆事件”为中心

Japanese Early Socialist Movement and Buddhism:Centered on the“DaiGyakuJiKen”

“大逆事件”是日本政府利用国家强权压迫社会主义力量的典型事件,同时也从侧面反映了当时日本国内社会主义运动的高涨以及社会主义思想在日本社会各阶层中产生的广泛影响。从该事件中的佛教社会主义者的形成机制看,社会主义理想与佛教教义在某些方面的相似性是佛教徒亲近社会主义的重要原因,但对社会主义革命运动的认可度及参与度则受经济与社会地位、宗派思想等多方面因素的制约。另一方面,该事件后,日本佛教教团进一步向政权靠拢,明治政府则加强了对佛教教团的利用。

The“DaiGyakuJiKen”was a typical case in which the Japanese government used the power of the state to oppress the anti-establishment forces.It also reflected the upsurge of the socialist movement in Japan at that time and the extensive influence of socialist ideology on various social strata in Japan.From the perspective of the formation mechanism of Buddhist socialists in this event,the similarity between socialist ideals and Buddhist teachings in some aspects is an important reason for Buddhists to get close to socialism,but their recognition and participation in socialist revolutionary movement are restricted by many factors,such as economic and social status and sectarian thinking.On the other hand,after this event,the Japanese Buddhist order moved closer to the regime,and the Meiji government strengthened the use of the Buddhist order.