关隘型古村镇文化景观的作用机制及特征研究

A Study on the Mechanism and Characteristics of Cultural Landscape in the Mountain-pass-type Ancient Villages and Towns

文章针对关隘型古村镇历史功能改变后面临的文化源泉枯竭和建筑独特性遭到破坏等问题,探究关隘型古村镇的特征,包括山地本底性、城池不规则性、交通重要性、区域协同性;梳理关隘型古村镇文化景观要素,包含区域、聚落、场所三个尺度下的物象景观要素以及由行为文化、军事文化、精神文化所构成的精神景观要素。在此基础上,提出关隘型古村镇"景观"与"文化"的作用机制,是以生产生活行为、军事防御行为、空间实践行为作为媒介促使"景观"与"文化"相互影响,并进一步提出关隘型古村镇文化景观的独特性表现为防御性景观与军事性文化,并可以通过空间层级与行为媒介进行表达。

In view of the problems such as the depletion of cultural sources and destruction of architectural uniqueness after the historical function of the mountain-pass-type ancient villages and towns has changed, explore the characteristics of the mountain-pass-type ancient villages and towns, including the Characteristics of the mountain background, the irregularity of cities, the Important traffic status, and the coordination of regions. Sort out the cultural landscape elements of the pass-type ancient villages and towns, including the physical landscape elements at three scales of regions, settlements and places, and the spiritual landscape elements composed of behavioral culture, military culture and spiritual culture. On this basis, it is proposed that the function mechanism of "landscape" and "culture" in mountain-pass-type ancient villages and towns is to promote the interaction between these two aspects through production and living behavior, military defense behavior and spatial practice behavior as media, and it is further proposed that the characteristics of cultural landscape in mountain-pass-type ancient villages and towns is manifested as defensive landscape and military culture, which are expressed through spatial layer and behavioral media.