树上干杏和梅杏果实品质分析与综合评价

Quality analysis and comprehensive evaluation of the‘Shushanggan’apricots and apricots

通过对树上干杏和梅杏果实的品质比较分析,建立渭北旱塬地区引种树上干杏果实品质评价模型,为当地杏产业的良种选育提供依据。对渭北旱塬3个地区引进树上干杏的果实的外在品质和内在品质指标进行测定,采用主成分分析、相关性分析和聚类分析评价和筛选引进树上干杏的果实评价指标,对树上干杏和梅杏果实品质进行综合评价。结果表明,引进的树上干杏的综合评价优于当地品种梅杏,主成分分析将19个果实品质指标简化成为3个主成分,累计方差贡献率达到90.084%,结合相关性和聚类分析筛选出果实纵径、糖酸比、蛋白质抗坏血酸(维生素C,V C)、K、Fe这6个指标作为引进树上干杏的果实品质评价指标。综合评价结果为新疆树上干杏>乾县树上干杏>渭滨区树上干杏>三原树上干杏>梅杏,树上干杏在渭北旱塬地区表现优于当地品种梅杏,适合在渭北旱塬地区引种栽培,有利于解决杏栽植结构单一的问题,该研究为渭北旱塬地区树上干杏的选育和开发利用提供依据。

A method for the evaluation of the quality of apricot fruits in Weibei dry plateau was established to provide a basis for the selection and breeding of good species in the local apricot industry.The appearance quality and nutrient components of three area‘Shushanggan’apricots in Weibei dry plateau were measured.The quality indexes were evaluated by the principal component analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation of‘Shushanggan’apricots were better than that of the local varieties of apricots,and the analysis of the principal component analysis simplified 19 fruit quality indicators into three main components,and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 90.084 percent.Combined with correlation analysis and clustering analysis,the six indexes of fruit diameter,sugar-acid ratio,protein content,vitamin C,K and Fe were the key index of quality evaluation of‘Shushanggan’apricots.According to the comprehensive evaluation,the ranking was‘Shushanggan’apricots of Xinjiang,‘Shushanggan’apricots of Qianxian County,‘Shushanggan’apricots of Weibin County,‘Shushanggan’apricots of Sanyuan County,apricots.The experimental results revealed that‘Shushanggan’apricots were suitable for introduction and cultivation in Weibei dry plateau,which was conducive to solve the problem of single apricot planting structure and provide a basis for the introduction and utilization of dried apricots in Weibei dry plateau.