基于机车环境的实时动态定位测试与分析

Real-time Kinematic Positioning Test and Analysis Based on Railway Scene

近年来,随着全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)定位技术的广泛应用,在铁路行业列车定位技术由传统的粗略定位逐步向高精准实时动态(RTK)定位发展。传统的GNSS产品在进行RTK定位时,存在固定解比例低、固定解不稳定且不支持长基线距离等缺陷,造成机车控制成功率低。为此,文章提出了针对机车环境进行GNSS产品定制优化设计、提高RTK固定解比例和稳定性、增加基线距离到100 km的观点,并制定了一套测试和分析方案,实际测试检验了优化效果。自2019年以来,通过本文测试筛选的GNSS产品被成功应用于LKJ-15C系统,并在数十台电力机车上完成了稳定可靠的运行,实现了机车智能驾驶、开车自动对标、自动调车防护等高精准定位应用。

In recent years,with the wide application of global navigation satellite system(GNSS)positioning technology,train positioning technology in railway industry has gradually developed from traditional rough positioning to high-precision real-time dynamic(RTK)positioning.Traditional GNSS products have some defects in RTK positioning,such as low proportion of fixed solution,unstable fixed solution and lack of long baseline distance supporting,which could lead to low success rate of locomotive control.This paper puts forward a viewpoint of customized optimization design for GNSS products according to the locomotive environment,improving the proportion and stability of RTK fixed solution,increasing the baseline distance to 100 km,and formulates a set of test and analysis scheme.Practical tests verified the optimization effect.Since 2019,the GNSS products tested and screened by the scheme in this paper have been successfully applied to LKJ-15 C system,and have completed stable and reliable operation on dozens of electric locomotives,realizing high precision positioning applications such as intelligent driving,automatic benchmarking and automatic shunting protection.