絮凝剂在金矿尾砂真空过滤脱水中的应用研究

Application of Flocculant in Vacuum Filtration and Dehydration of Gold Mine Tailings

尝试将絮凝剂应用到金矿尾砂真空过滤脱水中,以解决过滤脱水过程能耗高的缺点。开展了絮凝剂筛选试验和尾砂真空过滤脱水实验,探讨了絮凝剂单耗和真空压力对尾砂真空过滤脱水过程的影响。实验结果表明:分子量为2 200万的阴离子型PAM(A-2 200)对该尾砂效果最佳;压力为50 kPa时,随絮凝剂单耗增加,初始沉降速度加快,滤饼浓度先缓慢降低、35 g/t后快速降低,滤饼分层程度先快速减小、35 g/t后趋缓;在絮凝剂单耗为35g/t时,随压力的增加,沉降速度加快,滤饼浓度先快速增加后逐渐趋缓,滤饼分层越来越严重;絮凝剂单耗和压力对尾砂过滤脱水速度具有协同效应,絮凝剂单耗在0~35 g/t时,滤饼浓度主要受压力影响,滤饼分层程度主要受絮凝剂单耗影响。研究结论为絮凝沉降技术在尾砂真空过滤脱水中的应用提供数据支撑。

The flocculant is applied to the vacuum filtration dehydration of gold mine tailings to solve its disadvantage of high energy consumption.The flocculant screening test and gold mine tailings vacuum filtration dehydration test were car⁃ried out,and the effect of the flocculant consumption and vacuum pressure on the vacuum filtration dehydration process of tailings were discussed.The experimental results indicated that:The anionic PAM(A-2200)with molecular weight of 22 million performed best;At the pressure of 50 kPa,as the flocculant consumption increased,the initial sedimentation rate accelerated,while the filter cake concentration first decreased slowly and then rapidly,and the filter cake delamination de⁃gree first decreased rapidly and then slowed down after 35 g/t;At the flocculant consumption of 35 g/t,as the pressure in⁃creased,the sedimentation rate accelerated,and the filter cake concentration first increased rapidly and then gradually slowed down,while the filter cake delamination became more obvious;Flocculant consumption and pressure had a synergis⁃tic effect on filtration and dehydration rate of tailings.When flocculant consumption is 0~35 g/t,filter cake concentration was mainly affected by pressure,and the filter cake delamination degree was mainly affected by flocculant consumption.This study provides data support for the application of flocculation sedimentation technology in vacuum filtration and dehy⁃dration of tailings.