智能制造核心企业的形成机理——创新生态圈与互联网融合视域下双案例研究

The Formation Mechanism of the Core Enterprises of Intelligent Manufacturing——A Double Case Study from the Perspective of the Convergence of Innovation Ecosystem and Internet

在互联网经济与新一轮工业革命的历史交汇期,中国迫切需要培育一批全球智能制造核心企业。研究解析了创新生态圈与互联网融合效应,提出了智能制造核心企业的内涵和基本特征,运用扎根理论和开放性编码的分析方法,对海尔、小米两家企业开展探索性案例分析,探索智能制造核心企业形成的动力因子、战略资源、能力基础及生态位态势,提出智能制造核心企业形成的一般规律:一是以创新生态圈与互联网融合效应为驱动力;二是以数据资产作为战略资源,构建开放式数据平台;三是以双元学习能力、双元整合能力、双元协同能力为能力基础;四是以提高生态位的范围及中心度为战略态势。通过跨案例比较研究,分析异同,凝练出智能制造核心企业形成范式:海尔的“传统制造业企业互联网转型成长”范式、小米的“互联网企业跨界融合成长”范式。研究对智能制造核心企业的过程管理及培育提供理论指导和实践启示。

In the historical intersection period of the Internet economy and the new round of industrial revolution,China needs to cultivate a number of core global intelligent manufacturing enterprises badly.This paper analyzes the convergence of innovation ecosystem and Internet,and puts forward the connotation and the basic characteristics of core intelligent manufacturing enterprises.Based on the grounded theory and open coding analysis method,the case study of Haier and Xiaomi is carried out to explore the dynamic factors,strategic resources,capability basis and niche situation of core intelligent manufacturing enterprises,and puts forward the general rules of core enterprise formation as follows:first,take the integration effect of innovation ecosystem and the Internet as the driving force;second,use data assets as strategic resources to build open data platform;third,take dual learning ability,dual integration ability and dual synergy ability as the ability basis;fourth,improve the scope and the centrality of niche.Through cross case comparative study,the similarities and the differences are analyzed,and the formation paradigms of core intelligent manufacturing enterprises are summarized:the“transformation paradigm from a traditional manufacturing enterprise to an Internet enterprise”,and the paradigm of“the growth of internet enterprise s cross-border integration”.This study provides theoretical guidance and practical enlightenment for the cultivation and process management of core intelligent manufacturing enterprises.