人格在大学生负性生活事件与风险心理状态间的中介作用

The impact of negative life events on risky mentation in college students: mediating role of personality

目的探讨大学生人格在负性生活事件与风险心理状态之间的中介效应。方法采用青少年负性生活事件量表(adolescent self-rating life events check list,ASLEC)、前驱期问卷16项版本(prodromal questionnaire,PQ-16)、艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck personality questionnaire,EPQ)对8379名大学一年级学生进行横断面调查,采用SPSS 23.0和AMOS 24.0进行数据分析。结果风险心理状态组大学生的负性生活事件量表总分[(31.16±0.58)分]、EPQ神经质[(58.20±0.36)分]和精神质[(53.07±0.29)分]因子分均显著高于无风险心理状态组[(15.19±0.15)分,(41.59±0.13)分,(47.71±0.08)分,t=26.611,42.270,17.286;均P<0.01],而EPQ内外向因子分显著低于无风险心理状态组[(49.83±0.42)分,(55.88±0.13)分,t=-13.634;P<0.01]。风险心理状态组和无风险心理状态组大学生风险心理状态得分与负性生活事件得分均呈正相关(r=0.290,0.334;均P<0.01),风险心理状态得分、负性生活事件得分与人格神经质、精神质得分均呈正相关(r=0.139~0.469;均P<0.01)。风险心理状态组大学生风险心理状态得分与人格内外向得分负相关(r=-0.070;P<0.01),负性生活事件得分与人格内外向得分不相关,而无风险心理状态组大学生风险心理状态得分、负性生活事件得分与人格内外向得分均呈负相关(r=-0.177,-0.080;均P<0.01)。风险心理状态组大学生人格在负性生活事件和风险心理状态之间起完全中介作用,无风险心理状态组大学生人格在负性生活事件和风险心理状态之间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的71.43%。结论负性生活事件不仅直接引发大学生风险心理状态,还可以通过内向倾向、不稳定情绪的中介作用间接引发大学生风险心理状态。

Objective To explore the mediation effect of personality between negative life events and risky mentation of university students.Methods A cross sectional investigation was conducted among 8379 freshmen with the adolescent self-rating life events check list(ASLEC),the prodromal questionnaire(PQ-16)and the Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ).The data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 24.0.Results The total score of negative life events scale((31.16±0.58)vs(15.19±0.15)),the scores of neuroticism((58.20±0.36)vs(41.59±0.13))and psychoticism((53.07±0.29)vs(47.71±0.08))in the risk psychological state group were significantly higher(t=26.611,42.270,17.286,all P<0.01),and the score of introversion-extroversion factor was significantly lower((49.83±0.42)vs(55.88±0.13),t=-13.634,P<0.01)than those in the risk-free psychological state group.There was a positive correlation between the scores of risk psychological state and negative life events(r=0.290,0.334,both P<0.01),and the scores of risk psychological state and negative life events were positively correlated with the scores of personality neuroticism and psychoticism(r=0.139-0.469,all P<0.01)in both risk psychological state and risk-free psychological state group.The risk psychological state score of college students was negatively correlated with the inside and outside personality score(r=-0.070,P<0.01),and the score of negative life events was not correlated with introversion-extroversion personality score in the risk psychological state group,while the score of risk psychological state,negative life events and introversion-extroversion personality score were negatively correlated in the risk-free psychological state group(r=-0.177,-0.080,P<0.01).The personality of college students played a complete mediating role between negative life events and risk psychological state in the risk psychological state group,while the personality of college students in the risk-free psychological state group played a partial mediating role between negative life events and risk psychological state,accounted for 71.43%of the total effect.Conclusion Negative life events not only directly lead to the risky mentation of college students,but also affect the risky mentation of college students by the mediation effect of introverted and extroverted tendency and unstable emotion.