营商环境国际化:理论基础、实践差距与应对

Internationalization of Business Environment:Theoretical Basis,Practice Gap and Countermeasures

营商环境从本质上来说是制度环境,它是投资者进行经营决策的重要依据,对带动经济发展、实现充分就业意义重大。优化营商环境有利于降低投资活动的制度性交易成本、激发创新活力、提高经营利润、赢得市场份额、稳定国家经济、带动就业局面。近年来,世界经济低迷、我国人口红利逐渐消失、经济发展模式与产业结构正经历调整,营商环境国际化将为提高外资利用率发挥重要作用。在制度成本理论框架内、在营商环境国际化内涵界定的基础上,分析了未来构建国际化营商环境的政策重点,回顾了中央及地方政府的主要实践,对标世界先进水平指出现阶段该领域存在的差距,有针对性地提出改善建议。

In essence,business environment is an institutional environment. It is an important basis for investors to make business decisions,which is of great significance to promote economic development and achieve full employment. Optimizing the business environment is conducive to reducing the institutional transaction cost of investment activities,stimulating innovation vitality,increasing operating profits,winning market share,stabilizing the national economy and increasing employment. In recent years,with the economic downturn in the world,the gradual disappearance of China’s demographic dividend,and the adjustment of economic development mode and industrial structure,the internationalization of business environment will play an important role in improving the utilization rate of foreign capital. Within the framework of institutional cost theory and on the basis of the definition of internationalization of business environment,this paper analyzes the policy focuses of building an international business environment in the future,reviews the main practices of the central and local governments,and points out the gap in this field at the present stage with the world advanced level,and puts forward suggestions for improvement.