3个国外引进汉麻(Cannabis sativa L.)品种的吸水及萌发特性研究

Study on Water Absorption and Germination Characteristics of Three Imported Hemp(Cannabis sativa L.)Varieties

以3个国外引进汉麻新品种格列西亚(V1)、金刀15(V2)和格里昂(V3)为试验材料,研究其形态特征及萌发、吸水特性。结果表明,3个汉麻品种的粒长、粒宽及粒厚之间存在显著性差异;汉麻种子的相对吸水量和单位面积吸水量表现为V2>V1>V3,相对吸水量之间差异显著;汉麻种子吸水率表现为V3>V1>V2,且其吸水速率呈快-慢-稳定的趋势;3个汉麻种子的发芽指数、活力指数之间差异显著。相关分析表明,相对吸水量、单位面积吸水量、平均吸水速率和平均吸水率与千粒重、粒长、粒宽之间呈极显著正相关,而相对吸水量、平均吸水速率与粒厚之间呈负相关关系;发芽率、发芽势、活力指数、苗鲜重与千粒重、粒长、粒宽之间呈正相关,与粒厚呈负相关;活力指数与粒长之间呈显著正相关;活力指数与吸水特性的相关性达极显著水平。从萌发和吸水特性考虑,汉麻种子应选粒宽适中、粒细长、粒厚小为最佳。该研究为汉麻选种及播种奠定了理论基础。

Three industrial hemp varieties introduced from a broad of Geliexiya(V1),Jintao15(V2)and Geliang(V3)were used in this experimentto study their morphological characteristics,germination and water absorption characteristics.The results showed that there were significant differences in grain length,width and thickness among the three hemp varieties.The relative water absorption and unit area water absorption were manifested as V2>V1>V3,and the difference of relative water absorption was significant.The water absorption rate of hemp seeds manifested as V3>V1>V2,and its water absorption rate showed a fast-slow-stable trend.The germination index and vigor index of three hemp seeds were significantly different.Correlation analysis showed that the relative water absorption capacity,water absorption per unit area,average water absorption velocity and average water absorption rate were significantly positively correlated with 1000 grain weight,grain length and grain width,while the relative water absorption capacity and average water absorption velocity were negatively correlated with grain thickness.Germination rate,germination potential,vigor index and fresh weight of seedlings were positively correlated with 1000 grain weight,grain length and width,and negatively correlated with grain thickness.There was a significant positive correlation between vigor index and grain length,and a significant correlation between vigor index and water absorption characteristics.Considering the characteristics of germination and water absorption,the best choice for hemp seed is moderate width,slender grain and small grain thickness.This study provides a theoretical basis for hemp seed selection and sowing.