政府授权、代理人类型和公众负面评价——以城镇河道环境维护服务为例的实证研究

Government Authorization,Types of Agents and Public Negative Evaluations—An Empirical Study on the Environmental Maintenance Services for Urban Rivers

当政府购买公共服务失败时,政府和直接提供服务的当事人不可避免地会受到公信力的质疑与公众的负面评价。通过实验研究环保局内部机构、企业与非营利组织三种不同类型的当事人承接公共服务失败的情景,从新冠肺炎疫情爆发前后的对比研究可发现,面对同样的结果时,与不找代理人相比,三种代理人不同程度地影响了公众的负面评价。同时,政府内部机构设置在疫情的冲击下增加了失败后公众的负面评价,与政府不授权相比没有差异,而非营利组织作为代理人时对降低公众的负面评价发挥了相对稳定的比较优势。进一步分析代理人的组织特征差异解释了公众对政府的负面评价存在设置差异的原因,为政府未来的公共管理决策提供实验依据与政策建议。

When public services purchased by the government are failed,the government and the parties who directly provide services will inevitably be questioned for their credibility and incur negative evaluations from the public.Three different types of agents were experimentally studied in the context of public service failure,namely,environmental protection units within government,enterprises and non-profit organizations.A comparative study before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 finds that three types of agents affect the public's negative evaluations to different degrees when faced with the same results,compared with no delegation.Furthermore,the units within government increased public negative evaluations after failures in the case of epidemic impact,showing no difference from the context of non-authorization,while non-profit organizations as agents demonstrated a relatively stable advantage in reducing public negative evaluations.Further analysis of the differences in the organizational characteristics of agents accounts for the differences in evaluations,laying a basis for future experiments and policy proposals for public management decisions.