突发性公共卫生事件中居民的风险信息感知研究——基于全国81个城市的调研数据

Research on Residents'Perception of Risk Information in Public Health Emergencies——Based on the Survey Data of 81 Cities in China

居民风险信息感知是政府在治理突发性公共卫生事件中的一个主要关注因素。及时准确地公布事件数据、正确引导公民的风险信息认知,避免群体性恐慌事件的发生,组织全民理性有序地应对,是政府的主要职责。文章基于态势感知理论,通过我国81个地级市2121名居民的调研数据,采用分层线性模型(HLM)实证分析了影响居民风险信息感知的主要因素和影响机制,以期为政府在突发性公共卫生事件治理方面提供一个新的参考视角。研究发现:(1)突发性公共卫生事件中居民的风险信息感知受到事件严重程度、网络舆情、就医难度、社会关系、政民关系等客观因素的影响,也会受到居民受教育程度、政治心理等主观因素的影响;(2)从个人层面看,居民的政治心理、受教育程度和政民关系均与居民风险信息感知显著正相关;(3)从组织层面看,不同城市的疫情严重程度显著负向调节了以上三个关系。

Residents'perception of risk information is one of the main concerns of the government in the management of public health emergencies.It is the main responsibility of the government to publish the event data timely and accurately,guide citizens'awareness of risk information correctly,avoid the occurrence of mass panic events,and organize the whole people to respond rationally and orderly.Based on the situation awareness theory and the survey data of 2121 residents in 81 prefecture level cities in China,this paper uses hierarchical linear model(HLM)to empirically analyze the main factors and influencing mechanism of residents'risk information perception,so as to provide a new perspective for the government in the governance of public health emergencies.The results show that:(1)residents'perception of risk information in sudden public health events is affected by the severity of the event,network public opinion,difficulty of seeking medical treatment,social relations,government and people relationship and other objective factors,and also by the residents'education level,political psychology and other subjective factors;(2)from the personal level,residents'political psychology,education level and government and people relationship are closely related;(3)from the organizational level,the epidemic severity of different cities significantly negatively moderated the above three relationships.