亲情陪护管理模式在造血干细胞移植焦虑患者中的应用效果研究

Study on the effect of nursing care of families accompanying management patients with anxiety after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

目的构建造血干细胞移植焦虑患者的亲情陪护管理模式,并探讨其实施效果。方法选择2018年1月至2020年10月造血干细胞移植焦虑患者120例,通过随机数字表分为观察组和对照组,各60例,对照组实施传统的探视模式,观察组在对照组的基础上实施亲情陪护管理,通过陪护人员的筛选,经过系统的理论操作培训,考核合格后入仓,对移植患者大剂量化疗预处理期阶段、移植低细胞极期阶段、移植后期功能恢复期阶段3个阶段实施个性化的亲情陪护管理。比较两组患者的焦虑自评量表评分、治疗依从性、感染发生率。结果移植第7天、第14天和出仓当天,观察组患者的焦虑自评量表评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);服药及规范治疗、饮食、护理操作、功能锻炼方面依从性观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组患者在移植期间感染发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论亲情陪护管理模式能降低造血干细胞移植患者焦虑水平,提高移植中患者依从性等,不增加移植期间感染发生率,是造血干细胞移植焦虑患者可推行护理方案。

Objective To establish a nursing model for hematopoietic stem cell transplant anxiety patients and to explore its effect.Method From January 2018 to October 2020,120 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients with anxiety were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group(60 cases).In the control group,the traditional visiting pattern was carried out,while the observation group implemented family nursing care on the basis of the control group.Those who passed the screening of the escorts,passed the systematic theoretical operation training and assessment were allowed to enter the warehouse,and carried out personalized accompany care in the high-dose chemotherapy pretreatment stage,the low-cell transplantation stage,and the functional recovery stage at the later transplantation.The scores of self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),treatment compliance and infection rate were compared between the two groups.Results On the 7th day,14th day and the day of leaving the warehouse,the scores of SAS in the observation group were higher than the control group(P<0.01).Compared with the compliance with medication,diet,nursing operation and functional exercise,the observation group was superior to the control group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the incidence of infection between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The nursing model can reduce the anxiety level of patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,improve the compliance of patients and doesn't increase the incidence of infection during transplantation,is a feasible nursing plan for hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients with anxiety.