西南红山茶天然居群种实表型性状变异分析

Variation Analysis of Phenotypic Traits of Seed of Natural Populations of Camellia pitardii in Southwest China

运用多重比较、相关性分析、Shannon-Weiner多样性指数、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法,对西南红山茶8个天然居群种实性状表型多样性进行分析。结果表明,西南红山茶种实各性状的均值在居群间无明显规律,P 8居群种实最大,P 5居群种实最小。各性状的平均变异系数(CV)在13.21%~51.03%之间,果横径最低(13.21%),籽粒重最高(51.03%),8个居群平均变异系数在22.30%~38.44%之间,P 5居群的表型性状变异程度最低,P 3居群的表型性状变异丰富。相关性分析表明,各性状间存在极显著的正相关或负相关关系。多样性分析表明,西南红山茶果形多样,果色以青黄色为主;不同种实性状的平均多样性指数为1.882,种实性状多样性高。聚类分析将27个西南红山茶优良单株划分为5类,且并没有依据居群划分进行聚类。主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率为85.632%,其中单果重、果横径、籽粒数、果纵径是影响西南红山茶种实表型性状变异的主要性状。

In this paper,the multiple comparison,correlation analysis,Shannon-Weiner diversity index,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis were used to analyze the phenotypic diversity of 8 natural populations of Camellia pitardii from southwest China.The results showed that there was no obvious rule in the mean value of seed traits among populations,and the largest value of seed traits was P 8 population while the smallest appeared in P 5 population.The average coefficient of variation(CV)of each trait ranged from 13.21%to 51.03%,with the lowest transverse diameter of fruit(13.21%)and the highest grain weight(51.03%).The average coefficient of variation of 8 populations ranged from 22.30%to 38.44%.The phenotypic variation of P 5 population was the lowest,and P 3 population had rich phenotypic variation.Correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive or negative correlations among the traits.And,the diversity analysis showed that the fruit shape of C.pitardii in southwest of China was diverse,and the frui color was mainly green and yellow.The average diversity index of different seed traits was 1.882,indicating high diversity of seed traits.Clustering analysis divided 27 superior individual plants of C.pitardii into 5 categories,and clustering was not conducted according to population division.Finally,the results of principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the accumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 85.632%,among which the weight per fruit,cross diameter of fruit,number of grains and longitudinal diameter of fruit were the main traits that affected the phenotypic variation of the seed of C.pitardii in southwest of China.