16份美系血缘玉米种质自交系的配合力分析

Combining Ability Analysis of 16 Maize Inbred Linesfrom American Corn Germplasms

采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,以10份玉米自选系为母本,6份中早熟类玉米自选系为父本,对其进行组配,共得到60份玉米杂交组合,并对F 1代主要农艺性状进行配合力分析。结果表明,JK 83、JK 72、JK 90三个自交系的产量GCA都较高,可选择与其有高配合力的自交系组配出杂种优势强、制种产量和大田产量都很高的组合;JK 36、JK 57出籽率GCA值都较大,有利于产量的提高;JK 36、JK 57可与JK 83、JK 72、JK 90杂交改良,增强自交系产量的优势。JK 302、JK 99散粉-吐丝间隔期(ASI)GCA值较大,说明此自交系抗旱性较强;JK 145×JK 83、JK 206×JK 72、JK 302×JK 66、JK 302×JK 36的SCA值较大,表明这些组合具有较强的杂种优势,有较大利用价值;但是需要进一步进行多年多地区的田间鉴定以确定其是否稳定高产;JK 83、JK 49的抗倒性较强,JK 28、JK 57的水分GCA值较低,以上述自交系组配杂交种有利于大田机械收获和方便干燥仓储。综合农艺性状分析,16份供试美国玉米种质自交系有较大利用价值,但仍需要在品种抗性、适应性等方面进一步改良,以丰富本地区玉米种质基础。

In this paper,10 maize lines were selected as female parents and 6 maize lines with characteristics of mid-early maturity were selected as male parents.They were randomly combined based on NCⅡgenetic mating design and a total of 60 maize crosses were obtained.And,the main agronomic traits of F 1 generation were analyzed by combining ability.The results showed that the yield GCA of the 3 inbred lines JK 83,JK 72 and JK 90 were all high,and the inbred lines with high combining ability could be selected to produce combinations with strong heterosis,high seed production yield and high field yield.The GCA value of seed yield of JK 36 and JK 57 was higher,which was beneficial to the increase of yield.The JK 36,JK 57 could be improved with JK 83,JK 72,JK 90 hybridization,enhancing yield advantage of the inbred lines.In addition,JK 302 and JK 99 had higher GCA value of anthesis-silking interval(ASI),which indicated that the inbred line had stronger drought resistance.The SCA values of JK 145×JK 83,JK 206×JK 72,JK 302×JK 66 and JK 302×JK 36 were larger,which indicated that these combinations had strong heterosis and high utilization value,but further field identification over many years was needed to determine whether it was stable and high-yielding.The lodging resistance of JK 83 and JK 49 was higher than that of JK 28 and JK 57,while the GCA value of moisture in JK 28 and JK 57 was lower.The combination of the above inbred lines was beneficial to mechanical harvest and convenient dry storage in the field.According to the analysis of agronomic traits,the 16 inbred lines from American maize germplasms had great utilization value,but they still needed to be further improved in the aspects of resistance and adaptability to enrich the maize germplasm base in this region.