D型人格2型糖尿病患者自我效能水平调查及与自我管理的相关性分析

Investigation on self-efficacy level of patients with type D personality and type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with self-management

目的调查D型人格2型糖尿病患者自我效能水平和自我管理水平,并分析两者间的相关性。方法纳入2017年8月至2020年8月本院收治的2型糖尿病患者70例,收集患者的一般资料,采用D型人格量表,将患者分为D型人格30例[A组,男性16例,女性14例,年龄(44.15±2.16)岁],非D型人格40例[B组,男性21例,女性19例,年龄(46.27±3.16)岁],并采用糖尿病自我管理行为量表和自我效能量表分别评估患者的自我管理水平和自我效能水平,并采用相关分析法分析D型人格、自我效能水平及自我管理间的相关性。结果A组饮食控制(3.04±1.54)分、规律运动(4.95±1.89)分、足部护理(2.05±0.57)分、遵医嘱服药(4.37±2.75)分及自我管理总分(3.06±0.57)分,显著低于B组饮食控制(4.65±1.51)分、规律运动(6.51±1.75)分、足部护理(3.87±1.18)分、遵医嘱服药(6.65±2.63)分及自我管理总分(4.18±0.74)分(均P<0.05);A组血糖监测评分(2.61±0.67)分显著高于B组血糖监测评分(1.06±0.37)分(P<0.05)。A组饮食控制(11.57±1.34)分、规律运动(15.87±3.68)分、遵医嘱服药(7.67±3.15)分、足部护理(13.78±3.18)分、处理预防高/低血糖(11.67±2.87)分及自我效能总分(11.34±1.34)分,显著低于B组饮食控制(14.03±2.14)分、规律运动(20.16±4.28)分、遵医嘱服药(10.07±2.16)分、足部护理(17.04±4.31)分、处理预防高/低血糖(15.24±4.01)分及自我效能总分(14.78±2.02)分(均P<0.05);A组血糖监测评分(10.34±4.16)分显著高于B组血糖监测评分(7.03±3.27)分(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析D型人格糖尿病患者自我管理水平与其自身自我效能水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论D型人格2型糖尿病患者自我管理水平和自我效能水平均处于较低的状态,自我效能与自我管理呈正相关。

Objective To investigate the levels of self-efficacy and self-management in patients with type D personality and type 2 diabetes mellitus,and analyze the correlation between the two.Methods Seventy patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital from August 2017 to August 2020 were included in the study.The general data of the patients were collected.The patients were divided into 30 cases of type D personality[group A,16 males,14 females,aged(44.15±2.16)]and 40 cases of non-type D personality[group B,21 males,19 females,aged(46.27±3.16)]by the type D personality scale.The self-management level and self-efficacy level of the patients were evaluated by the diabetes self-management behavior scale and self-efficacy scale.Correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation among type D personality,self-efficacy,and self-management.Results The scores of diet control(3.04±1.54),regular exercise(4.95±1.89),foot care(2.05±0.57),medication compliance(4.37±2.75),and the total score of self-management(3.06±0.57)in group A were significantly lower than those in group B[(4.65±1.51),(6.51±1.75),(3.87±1.18),(6.65±2.63),(4.18±0.74)](all P<0.05);the score of blood glucose monitoring in group A(2.61±0.67)was significantly higher than that in group B[(1.06±0.37)](P<0.05).The scores of diet control(11.57±1.34),regular exercise(15.87±3.68),medication according to doctors'advices(7.67±3.15),foot care(13.78±3.18),treatment and prevention of hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia(11.67±2.87),and the total score of self-efficacy(11.34±1.34)in group A were significantly lower than those in group B[(14.03±2.14),(20.16±4.28),(10.07±2.16),(17.04±4.31),(15.24±4.01),(14.78±2.02)](all P<0.05);the score of blood glucose monitoring in group A(10.34±4.16)was significantly higher than that in group B(7.03±3.27)(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between self-management level and self-efficacy level in patients with type D personality and type 2 diabetes mellitus(P<0.05).Conclusion The levels of self-management and self-efficacy of patients with type D personality and type 2 diabetes mellitus are in a low state,and self-efficacy is positively correlated with self-management.