中国特有的虎颜花属植物研究进展

Research Progress on Tigridiopalma,a Genus Endemic to China

通过文献考证及部分产地的野外考察,对中国特有的虎颜花属(Tigridiopalma C. Chen)植物的分类学地位和应用价值、产地与生境、濒危原因及保护建议等进行综述,以期为该属植物的保护提供参考。自1931年在广东信宜首次采到标本和1979年命名虎颜花(T. magnifica C. Chen)、成立虎颜花属以来,至今分别有90年和42年的历史,其分布区范围从最初的广东信宜、阳春等地,扩展到广东高州市,乃至广西金秀县、贵州黎平县、印江县等地,基本位于粤西或更西北;新近有学者在粤东龙门发现虎颜花属新种——无翅虎颜花(T. exalata S. J. Zeng, Y. C. Xu&D. F. Cui),其野生种群略大于粤西的虎颜花。虎颜花属植物濒危的原因包括自然和人为因素,人为干扰和破坏是主因。对其资源的保护应加强宣传教育、就地保护、迁地保护和自然回归等。

Based on the analysis of references and the field survey on some of the wild survive sites of Tigridiopalma C.Chen,the taxonomic status and application value,places of origin and habitats,and the endangering cause and protective suggestions of the genus endemic to China,were summarized in this paper,so as to providing some suggestions for its survivals and protection.There had been 90 years and 42 years since the specimen of T.magnifica C.Chen was first collected in Xinyi,Guangdong in 1931 and named as Tigridiopalma in 1979,respectively.Its areal range were enlarged from Xinyi,and Yangchun,western Guangdong to Gaozhou city,Guangdong,and even more northwest to Jinxiu county,Guangxi,Liping county and Yinjiang county,Guizhou etc.A species newly named T.exalata S.J.Zeng,Y.C.Xu&D.F.Cui found in eastern Guangdong,had a relative lager population than that of western Guangdong of T.magnifica.The causes for the endangerment of this genus include natural and human factors,the disturbance and destruction was main reason.More scientific research should strengthen and in situ and ex situ conservation and reintroduction to protect the wild population.